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A gene is a certain sequence of bases on the DNA helix that includes the code for a specific protein. It has a start and an end region with the coding region within, that is, the information for a protein. A gene occupies a specific place on a chromosome and is always found in the same chromosome in all persons. There are approx. 30 000 genes in each human, all of them present in each cell of the body. Obviously, each tissue type only uses a subset of them, for example, a skin cell will activate different genes than a lung cell. Genes that are not needed are silenced by methylation of cytosine (see DNA) in the control region of the gene.
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